Sporadic outbreaks of Enterovirus (EV) type A71 cause several syndromes, mostly affecting children less than 5 years of age and occur in spring to fall months in North America.
Syndromes include : pharyngitis, gastroenteritis, exanthems such as the so-called hand/foot/and mouth disease and the severe neurologic syndromes including meningitis, encephalitis, and AFM with flaccid paralysis.
EV-A71 was identified in nasopharyngeal or rectal specimens BUT very Rarely from spinal fluid.
MMWR Morb Wkly Rep 2018 Sep 14;67:107
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