An important factor affecting glymphatic flow is interstitial space volume which increases 40-60% during sleep.Certain anesthetics that induce Stage 2 sleep and natural sleep significantly increase interstitial space volume.
Awakening sleeping mice (never a good idea, they're real grouches) dramatically reduces glymphatic flow.
The authors conclusion: the restorative function of sleep may be a consequence of the enhanced removal of potentially neurotoxic waste products that accumulate in the awake central nervous system by the glymphatic system.
Science 2013;342(6156):373-377
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